Who is allowed to issue certificates for your domain?
A CAA record (Certification Authority Authorization, RFC 8659) is a small DNS record with a big
job: it names the certificate authorities that are allowed to issue certificates for your domain.
Before any publicly trusted CA signs a certificate, it must look up your CAA records and refuse
if it isn’t listed. One line of DNS turns “hundreds of CAs could be tricked into issuing for my
name” into “only the one or two I actually use”.
The lookup works the way our checker above does: the CA queries CAA at the exact name it wants to
issue for, and if nothing is there, climbs the tree one label at a time —
shop.example.com, then example.com — until it finds a CAA record set.
The first set found is the whole policy; records higher up are ignored after that. And if the
climb reaches the top empty-handed, nothing is restricted: no CAA means every publicly
trusted CA may issue for your domain. That’s the default state of most of the internet,
which is exactly why adding a record is such cheap insurance.
The values must name the CA’s
issuer domain, not its brand. The classic trap is ZeroSSL:
it issues certificates from Sectigo’s roots, so the correct value is
issue "sectigo.com" — authorize
zerossl.com instead and your renewals
quietly start failing. Wildcards get their own tag (
issuewild), and an
iodef record tells CAs where to report requests your policy rejected — a free
tripwire that emails you when someone tries. Our generator above gets all of this right for the
common CAs; for the deeper story, read our
guide to CAA records.
One honest caveat: CAA is enforced at issuance time only, and it lives in DNS — anyone who can
change your DNS can change your CAA. It narrows who
can issue; it doesn’t tell you what
was issued, and it’s not a substitute for
monitoring your certificates.
CompleteStatus watches your certificates and DNS records around the clock and alerts you the
moment something changes —
start monitoring free.